SessionStateUtility Klasse

Definition

public ref class SessionStateUtility abstract sealed

public static class SessionStateUtility

type SessionStateUtility = class

Public Class SessionStateUtility

Vererbung

Object

SessionStateUtility

Beispiele

Das folgende Codebeispiel zeigt eine benutzerdefinierte Implementierung des Sitzungszustandsmoduls, die Sitzungsinformationen mithilfe eines Hashtable. Das Modul verwendet die SessionStateUtility Klasse zum Verweisen auf den aktuellen und SessionIDManager, abrufen des aktuellen HttpContextHttpStaticObjectsCollectionund auslösen des in der Datei "Global.asax" für die ASP.NET Anwendung definierten Session_OnEnd Ereignisses. Diese Anwendung verhindert nicht, dass gleichzeitige Webanforderungen denselben Sitzungsbezeichner verwenden.

using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Collections;
using System.Threading;
using System.Web.Configuration;
using System.Configuration;

namespace Samples.AspNet.SessionState
{

    public sealed class MySessionStateModule : IHttpModule, IDisposable
    {
        private Hashtable pSessionItems = new Hashtable();
        private Timer pTimer;
        private int pTimerSeconds = 10;
        private bool pInitialized = false;
        private int pTimeout;
        private HttpCookieMode pCookieMode = HttpCookieMode.UseCookies;
        private ReaderWriterLock pHashtableLock = new ReaderWriterLock();
        private ISessionIDManager pSessionIDManager;
        private SessionStateSection pConfig;

        // The SessionItem class is used to store data for a particular session along with
        // an expiration date and time. SessionItem objects are added to the local Hashtable
        // in the OnReleaseRequestState event handler and retrieved from the local Hashtable
        // in the OnAcquireRequestState event handler. The ExpireCallback method is called
        // periodically by the local Timer to check for all expired SessionItem objects in the
        // local Hashtable and remove them.

        private class SessionItem
        {
            internal SessionStateItemCollection Items;
            internal HttpStaticObjectsCollection StaticObjects;
            internal DateTime Expires;
        }

        //
        // IHttpModule.Init
        //

        public void Init(HttpApplication app)
        {
            // Add event handlers.
            app.AcquireRequestState += new EventHandler(this.OnAcquireRequestState);
            app.ReleaseRequestState += new EventHandler(this.OnReleaseRequestState);

            // Create a SessionIDManager.
            pSessionIDManager = new SessionIDManager();
            pSessionIDManager.Initialize();

            // If not already initialized, initialize timer and configuration.
            if (!pInitialized)
            {
                lock (typeof(MySessionStateModule))
                {
                    if (!pInitialized)
                    {
                        // Create a Timer to invoke the ExpireCallback method based on
                        // the pTimerSeconds value (e.g. every 10 seconds).

                        pTimer = new Timer(new TimerCallback(this.ExpireCallback),
                                           null,
                                           0,
                                           pTimerSeconds * 1000);

                        // Get the configuration section and set timeout and CookieMode values.
                        Configuration cfg =
                          WebConfigurationManager.OpenWebConfiguration(System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.ApplicationVirtualPath);
                        pConfig = (SessionStateSection)cfg.GetSection("system.web/sessionState");

                        pTimeout = (int)pConfig.Timeout.TotalMinutes;
                        pCookieMode = pConfig.Cookieless;

                        pInitialized = true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        //
        // IHttpModule.Dispose
        //

        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (pTimer != null)
            {
                this.pTimer.Dispose();
               ((IDisposable)pTimer).Dispose();
            }
        }

        //
        // Called periodically by the Timer created in the Init method to check for 
        // expired sessions and remove expired data.
        //

        void ExpireCallback(object state)
        {
            try
            {
                pHashtableLock.AcquireWriterLock(Int32.MaxValue);

                this.RemoveExpiredSessionData();
            }
            finally
            {
                pHashtableLock.ReleaseWriterLock();
            }
        }

        //
        // Recursivly remove expired session data from session collection.
        //
        private void RemoveExpiredSessionData()
        {
            string sessionID;

            foreach (DictionaryEntry entry in pSessionItems)
            {
                SessionItem item = (SessionItem)entry.Value;

                if ( DateTime.Compare(item.Expires, DateTime.Now)<=0 )
                {
                    sessionID = entry.Key.ToString();
                    pSessionItems.Remove(entry.Key);

                    HttpSessionStateContainer stateProvider =
                      new HttpSessionStateContainer(sessionID,
                                                   item.Items,
                                                   item.StaticObjects,
                                                   pTimeout,
                                                   false,
                                                   pCookieMode,
                                                   SessionStateMode.Custom,
                                                   false);

                    SessionStateUtility.RaiseSessionEnd(stateProvider, this, EventArgs.Empty);
                    this.RemoveExpiredSessionData();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        //
        // Event handler for HttpApplication.AcquireRequestState
        //

        private void OnAcquireRequestState(object source, EventArgs args)
        {
            HttpApplication app = (HttpApplication)source;
            HttpContext context = app.Context;
            bool isNew = false;
            string sessionID;
            SessionItem sessionData = null;
            bool supportSessionIDReissue = true;

            pSessionIDManager.InitializeRequest(context, false, out supportSessionIDReissue);
            sessionID = pSessionIDManager.GetSessionID(context);

            if (sessionID != null)
            {
                try
                {
                    pHashtableLock.AcquireReaderLock(Int32.MaxValue);
                    sessionData = (SessionItem)pSessionItems[sessionID];

                    if (sessionData != null)
                       sessionData.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(pTimeout);
                }
                finally
                {
                    pHashtableLock.ReleaseReaderLock();
                }
            }
            else
            {
                bool redirected, cookieAdded;

                sessionID = pSessionIDManager.CreateSessionID(context);
                pSessionIDManager.SaveSessionID(context, sessionID, out redirected, out cookieAdded);

                if (redirected)
                    return;
            }

            if (sessionData == null)
            {
                // Identify the session as a new session state instance. Create a new SessionItem
                // and add it to the local Hashtable.

                isNew = true;

                sessionData = new SessionItem();

                sessionData.Items = new SessionStateItemCollection();
                sessionData.StaticObjects = SessionStateUtility.GetSessionStaticObjects(context);
                sessionData.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(pTimeout);

                try
                {
                    pHashtableLock.AcquireWriterLock(Int32.MaxValue);
                    pSessionItems[sessionID] = sessionData;
                }
                finally
                {
                    pHashtableLock.ReleaseWriterLock();
                }
            }

            // Add the session data to the current HttpContext.
            SessionStateUtility.AddHttpSessionStateToContext(context,
                             new HttpSessionStateContainer(sessionID,
                                                          sessionData.Items,
                                                          sessionData.StaticObjects,
                                                          pTimeout,
                                                          isNew,
                                                          pCookieMode,
                                                          SessionStateMode.Custom,
                                                          false));

            // Execute the Session_OnStart event for a new session.
            if (isNew && Start != null)
            {
                Start(this, EventArgs.Empty);
            }
        }

        //
        // Event for Session_OnStart event in the Global.asax file.
        //

        public event EventHandler Start;

        //
        // Event handler for HttpApplication.ReleaseRequestState
        //

        private void OnReleaseRequestState(object source, EventArgs args)
        {
            HttpApplication app = (HttpApplication)source;
            HttpContext context = app.Context;
            string sessionID;

            // Read the session state from the context
            HttpSessionStateContainer stateProvider =
              (HttpSessionStateContainer)(SessionStateUtility.GetHttpSessionStateFromContext(context));

            // If Session.Abandon() was called, remove the session data from the local Hashtable
            // and execute the Session_OnEnd event from the Global.asax file.
            if (stateProvider.IsAbandoned)
            {
                try
                {
                    pHashtableLock.AcquireWriterLock(Int32.MaxValue);

                    sessionID = pSessionIDManager.GetSessionID(context);
                    pSessionItems.Remove(sessionID);
                }
                finally
                {
                    pHashtableLock.ReleaseWriterLock();
                }

                SessionStateUtility.RaiseSessionEnd(stateProvider, this, EventArgs.Empty);
            }

            SessionStateUtility.RemoveHttpSessionStateFromContext(context);
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Web
Imports System.Web.SessionState
Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Web.Configuration
Imports System.Configuration

Namespace Samples.AspNet.SessionState

    Public NotInheritable Class MySessionStateModule
        Implements IHttpModule, IDisposable

        Private pSessionItems As Hashtable = New Hashtable()
        Private pTimer As Timer
        Private pTimerSeconds As Integer = 10
        Private pInitialized As Boolean = False
        Private pTimeout As Integer
        Private pCookieMode As HttpCookieMode = HttpCookieMode.UseCookies
        Private pHashtableLock As ReaderWriterLock = New ReaderWriterLock()
        Private pSessionIDManager As ISessionIDManager
        Private pConfig As SessionStateSection


        ' The SessionItem class is used to store data for a particular session along with
        ' an expiration date and time. SessionItem objects are added to the local Hashtable
        ' in the OnReleaseRequestState event handler and retrieved from the local Hashtable
        ' in the OnAcquireRequestState event handler. The ExpireCallback method is called
        ' periodically by the local Timer to check for all expired SessionItem objects in the
        ' local Hashtable and remove them. 
        Private Class SessionItem
            Friend Items As SessionStateItemCollection
            Friend StaticObjects As HttpStaticObjectsCollection
            Friend Expires As DateTime
        End Class



        '
        ' IHttpModule.Init
        '
        
    Public Sub Init(ByVal app As HttpApplication) Implements IHttpModule.Init
            ' Add event handlers.
            AddHandler app.AcquireRequestState, New EventHandler(AddressOf Me.OnAcquireRequestState)
            AddHandler app.ReleaseRequestState, New EventHandler(AddressOf Me.OnReleaseRequestState)

            ' Create a SessionIDManager.
            pSessionIDManager = New SessionIDManager()
            pSessionIDManager.Initialize()

            ' If not already initialized, initialize timer and configuration.
            If Not pInitialized Then
                SyncLock GetType(MySessionStateModule)
                    If Not pInitialized Then
                        ' Create a Timer to invoke the ExpireCallback method based on
                        ' the pTimerSeconds value (e.g. every 10 seconds).
                        pTimer = New Timer(New TimerCallback(AddressOf Me.ExpireCallback), _
                                           Nothing, _
                                           0, _
                                           pTimerSeconds * 1000)

                        ' Get the configuration section and set timeout and CookieMode values.
                        Dim cfg As System.Configuration.Configuration = _
                          WebConfigurationManager.OpenWebConfiguration( _
                            System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.ApplicationVirtualPath)
                        pConfig = CType(cfg.GetSection("system.web/sessionState"), SessionStateSection)

                        pTimeout = CInt(pConfig.Timeout.TotalMinutes)
                        pCookieMode = pConfig.Cookieless

                        pInitialized = True
                    End If
                End SyncLock
            End If
        End Sub



        '
        ' IHttpModule.Dispose
        '
        Public Sub Dispose() Implements IHttpModule.Dispose, IDisposable.Dispose
            If Not pTimer Is Nothing Then CType(pTimer, IDisposable).Dispose()
        End Sub


        '
        ' Called periodically by the Timer created in the Init method to check for 
        ' expired sessions and remove expired data.
        '
        Sub ExpireCallback(ByVal state As Object)
            Try
                pHashtableLock.AcquireWriterLock(Int32.MaxValue)

                Me.RemoveExpiredSessionData()

            Finally
                pHashtableLock.ReleaseWriterLock()
            End Try

        End Sub

        '
        ' Recursivly remove expired session data from session collection.
        '
        Private Sub RemoveExpiredSessionData()
            Dim sessionID As String
            Dim entry As DictionaryEntry

            For Each entry In pSessionItems
                Dim item As SessionItem = CType(entry.Value, SessionItem)

                If DateTime.Compare(item.Expires, DateTime.Now) <= 0 Then
                    sessionID = entry.Key.ToString()
                    pSessionItems.Remove(entry.Key)

                    Dim stateProvider As HttpSessionStateContainer = _
                      New HttpSessionStateContainer(sessionID, _
                                                   item.Items, _
                                                   item.StaticObjects, _
                                                   pTimeout, _
                                                   False, _
                                                   pCookieMode, _
                                                   SessionStateMode.Custom, _
                                                   False)

                    SessionStateUtility.RaiseSessionEnd(stateProvider, Me, EventArgs.Empty)
                    Me.RemoveExpiredSessionData()
                    Exit For
                End If
            Next entry
        End Sub


        
        '
        ' Event handler for HttpApplication.AcquireRequestState
        '
        Private Sub OnAcquireRequestState(ByVal [source] As Object, ByVal args As EventArgs)
            Dim app As HttpApplication = CType([source], HttpApplication)
            Dim context As HttpContext = app.Context
            Dim isNew As Boolean = False
            Dim sessionID As String
            Dim sessionData As SessionItem = Nothing
            Dim supportSessionIDReissue As Boolean = True

            pSessionIDManager.InitializeRequest(context, False, supportSessionIDReissue)
            sessionID = pSessionIDManager.GetSessionID(context)


            If Not (sessionID Is Nothing) Then
                Try
                    pHashtableLock.AcquireReaderLock(Int32.MaxValue)
                    sessionData = CType(pSessionItems(sessionID), SessionItem)

                    If Not (sessionData Is Nothing) Then
                        sessionData.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(pTimeout)
                    End If
                Finally
                    pHashtableLock.ReleaseReaderLock()
                End Try
            Else
                Dim redirected, cookieAdded As Boolean

                sessionID = pSessionIDManager.CreateSessionID(context)
                pSessionIDManager.SaveSessionID(context, sessionID, redirected, cookieAdded)

                If redirected Then Return
            End If
            If sessionData Is Nothing Then
                ' Identify the session as a new session state instance. Create a new SessionItem
                ' and add it to the local Hashtable.
                isNew = True

                sessionData = New SessionItem()

                sessionData.Items = New SessionStateItemCollection()
                sessionData.StaticObjects = SessionStateUtility.GetSessionStaticObjects(context)
                sessionData.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(pTimeout)

                Try
                    pHashtableLock.AcquireWriterLock(Int32.MaxValue)
                    pSessionItems(sessionID) = sessionData
                Finally
                    pHashtableLock.ReleaseWriterLock()
                End Try
            End If

            ' Add the session data to the current HttpContext.
            SessionStateUtility.AddHttpSessionStateToContext(context, _
                             New HttpSessionStateContainer(sessionID, _
                                                          sessionData.Items, _
                                                          sessionData.StaticObjects, _
                                                          pTimeout, _
                                                          isNew, _
                                                          pCookieMode, _
                                                          SessionStateMode.Custom, _
                                                          False))

            ' Execute the Session_OnStart event for a new session.
            If isNew Then RaiseEvent Start(Me, EventArgs.Empty)
        End Sub


        '
        ' Event for Session_OnStart event in the Global.asax file.
        '
    Public Event Start As EventHandler


    
        '
        ' Event handler for HttpApplication.ReleaseRequestState
        '
        Private Sub OnReleaseRequestState(ByVal [source] As Object, ByVal args As EventArgs)
            Dim app As HttpApplication = CType([source], HttpApplication)
            Dim context As HttpContext = app.Context
            Dim sessionID As String

            ' Read the session state from the context
            Dim stateProvider As HttpSessionStateContainer = _
               CType(SessionStateUtility.GetHttpSessionStateFromContext(context), HttpSessionStateContainer)

            ' If Session.Abandon() was called, remove the session data from the local Hashtable
            ' and execute the Session_OnEnd event from the Global.asax file.
            If stateProvider.IsAbandoned Then
                Try
                    pHashtableLock.AcquireWriterLock(Int32.MaxValue)

                    sessionID = pSessionIDManager.GetSessionID(context)
                    pSessionItems.Remove(sessionID)
                Finally
                    pHashtableLock.ReleaseWriterLock()
                End Try

                SessionStateUtility.RaiseSessionEnd(stateProvider, Me, EventArgs.Empty)
            End If

          SessionStateUtility.RemoveHttpSessionStateFromContext(context)
        End Sub
    
    End Class
End Namespace

Um dieses benutzerdefinierte Sitzungszustandsmodul in einer ASP.NET Anwendung zu verwenden, können Sie den vorhandenen SessionStateModule Verweis in der Web.config-Datei ersetzen, wie im folgenden Beispiel gezeigt.

<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <httpModules>
      <remove name="Session" />
      <add name="Session"
      type="Samples.AspNet.SessionState.MySessionStateModule" />
    </httpModules>
  </system.web>
</configuration>

Hinweise

Die SessionStateUtility Klasse stellt statische Hilfsmethoden bereit, die von einem Sitzungsstatusmodul oder einem Sitzungsstatusspeicheranbieter verwendet werden. Anwendungsentwickler müssen diese Methoden nicht aus ihrem Code aufrufen.

In der folgenden Tabelle werden die Methoden beschrieben, wie das Sitzungszustandsmodul und der Sitzungszustandsspeicheranbieter verwendet werden.

Sitzungsdaten werden an das aktuelle HttpContext Objekt HttpSessionStateContainer oder eine gültige Implementierung der Schnittstelle übergeben und von dieser IHttpSessionState abgerufen.

Informationen zum Implementieren eines Sitzungsstatusspeicheranbieters finden Sie unter Implementieren eines Session-State Store-Anbieters.

Weitere Informationen

• übersicht über den Sitzungszustand ASP.NET