Step 5: Workflows

Define workflow steps (executors):

using Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows;

// Step 1: Convert text to uppercase
class UpperCase : Executor
{
    [Handler]
    public async Task ToUpperCase(string text, WorkflowContext<string> ctx)
    {
        await ctx.SendMessageAsync(text.ToUpper());
    }
}

// Step 2: Reverse the string and yield output
[Executor(Id = "reverse_text")]
static async Task ReverseText(string text, WorkflowContext<Never, string> ctx)
{
    var reversed = new string(text.Reverse().ToArray());
    await ctx.YieldOutputAsync(reversed);
}

Build and run the workflow:

var upper = new UpperCase();
var workflow = new AgentWorkflowBuilder(startExecutor: upper)
    .AddEdge(upper, ReverseText)
    .Build();

var result = await workflow.RunAsync("hello world");
Console.WriteLine($"Output: {string.Join(", ", result.GetOutputs())}");
// Output: DLROW OLLEH

Define workflow steps (executors) and connect them with edges:

# Step 1: A class-based executor that converts text to uppercase
class UpperCase(Executor):
    def __init__(self, id: str):
        super().__init__(id=id)

    @handler
    async def to_upper_case(self, text: str, ctx: WorkflowContext[str]) -> None:
        """Convert input to uppercase and forward to the next node."""
        await ctx.send_message(text.upper())


# Step 2: A function-based executor that reverses the string and yields output
@executor(id="reverse_text")
async def reverse_text(text: str, ctx: WorkflowContext[Never, str]) -> None:
    """Reverse the string and yield the final workflow output."""
    await ctx.yield_output(text[::-1])


def create_workflow():
    """Build the workflow: UpperCase → reverse_text."""
    upper = UpperCase(id="upper_case")
    return (
        WorkflowBuilder(start_executor=upper)
        .add_edge(upper, reverse_text)
        .build()
    )

Build and run the workflow:

workflow = create_workflow()

events = await workflow.run("hello world")
print(f"Output: {events.get_outputs()}")
print(f"Final state: {events.get_final_state()}")